12 – The Modern World in the 20th Century

This is just a simplified guide. The questions are not central to the discussion in this class, but rather basic starting points.

Jorge Majfud

1. What is the general spirit of arts and sciences during the first decades of the 20th century?
2. Mention some examples that illustrate it.
3. What was the most crucial architecture school of this period?
4. What was the most relevant architectural movement of this period?

The Modern World

Vanguardism (Avant-garde)

Teoría General de la Relatividad **

Cubism **, **, Dadaism **, futurism **, etc.

Demoiselles d’Avignon (**, 1907) / Guernica (**, 1937)

art deco

Modern architecture

(Socialism and Capitalism)

AEG Factory by P. Behrens **, Technical Administration Building of Hoechst AG **

Fagus Factory (Walter Gropius and Adolf Meyer, Germany, 1911 **) –inf.

Erich Mendelsohn (Einstein Tower **, 1921)

Bauhaus building in Dessau (Walter Gropius) / International Style («un-German» ac Hitler and Nazis). **, **, **, **,

Some iconic Bauhaus designs **.

Marcel Breuer

Wassily Kandinsky

Paul Klee

Margaret Leischner

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

László Moholy-Nagy

Walter Gropius , Bauhaus ** ,

1920s

Chilehaus, Hamburg, 1924 **

Moscow metro, **,

Walter Gropius , Bauhaus ** , Housing Karl Marx Hof, (Karl Ehn, Vienna 1927) **

Le Corbusier **, The machine to live (Machine a habiter)

Villa Savoye in Poissy, Marseille Apartments (Unité d’Habitation, 1920)

UN Headquarters, 1947 (Le Corbusier, O Niemayer)

Notre Dame Chapel in Ronchamp

Frank Lloyd Wright (Robie House; Fallingwater House, 1936; Guggenheim Museum, 1959)

Empire Building (Richmond Shreve, 1929), (regulations, light)

Chrysler (William VanAllen, 1930).

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe: (IBM **; Seagram **, 1954; Farnsworth House **, 1951)